[204]


FIGURE 213 [above].-This map, compiled at a scale of 1:40 000, shows about 10 times the detail of the floor and crater shapes seen in figure 212 (see outlined area). The locations of profiles of two dark halo volcanic craters (A A' and B B') are shown on the map.-H.M.




FIGURE 214.-These sketches of the crater profiles of figure 213 contrast markedly with profiles of young impact craters.-H.M.







[205]








FIGURE 215 [above].-A sketch geologic map of the area of figure 213 was done by Richard Hereford of the U.S. Geological Survey. It shows the distribution of the geologic units by type and age. The ancient crater walls, central peak and ridge, and varied floor deposits are displayed. H.M.

جميع المعلومات والصور من المشاركة رقم 20 المشاركة إلى المشاركة رقم 38منسوخة من هذه الصفحة من موقع وكالة ناسا ومن الروابط الموجودة بنفس الصفحة

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[206]



[For a high resolution picture- click here]

AS16-4656 (P)FIGURE 216 [left].-This oblique view of part of the flat floor of the ancient crater Alphonsus shows faults that break the floor along straight line fractures. Spaced at irregular intervals along some of the rilles are dark halo craters that have broad low rims. The first detailed pictures of these craters were taken by Ranger 9 in 1964. This photograph confirms the detail in the Ranger picture and confirms the hypothesis that the dark halo craters are volcanic in origin. Their constructional rims indicate that they cannot have formed by collapse of material running back into the fault zone. The smooth rim deposits indicate that fine grained material was ejected uniformly from the volcanic vent. These deposits differ markedly from the ejecta patterns around bright, young impact craters.-H.M.








[207] FIGURE 217 [right].-Rima Ariadaeus is a fine example of a straight rille. Ariadaeus Rille is over 300 km in length; a portion of the central section of the rille about 120 km in length is pictured here. A linear section of the crust is dropped down along parallel faults or breaks in the crust to form a graben or fault trough. The ridges crossing the trough and the surrounding plains units have been offset by the trough, proving that they are older than the faults. Some craters are cut off by the faults and are, therefore, older. Other craters lie on the wall of the trough and are younger than the faulting. The faulting must be relatively young because so few craters appear to be younger than the faults, and because the edges of the trough appear to be crisp and little affected by slumping and other mass wasting.
There is a gradation between straight rilles, gently curving rilles, and sinuous rilles modified by volcanic flows. This example shows no trace of associated volcanism; it is, therefore, considered to be the end member of the sequence, where only pure faulting is involved.-H.M.






[For a high resolution picture- click here]

AS10-314645 (H)



[For a high resolution picture- click here]

AS15-9368 (P)FIGURE 218 [left].-Rima Fresnel I (1) approximately parallels the Apennine Mountain front (2) along the eastern margin of the Imbrium basin. The rille and its several branches at the northern end fall into the class of linear rilles that are usually attributed to a ten signal structural regime causing the formation of grabens. Faults in the highlands (3), parallel to some of the rilles, support the contention of structural origin for the rilles. Some of the curvilinear segments of the rilles, however, suggest that they may have served locally as lava channels.
The rille traverses a plain that was called the Apennine Bench (4) and interpreted to be formed of older mare lavas (Hackman, 1966). The inside of the rille is flooded by younger mare lavas (Carr, Howard, and El Baz, 1971) (5), which also embay its northern truncated terminus (6). Some younger mare lavas may have poured over the bench material and buried a crater (7). Old lava benches on the inside margin of basins are a common feature on the Moon. They are usually crossed by old rilles and embayed and partially buried by younger lavas.-B.K.L.














[For a high resolution picture- click here]

AS15-13345 (H)[208] FIGURE 219 [left].-A low Sun angle view of the western part of the Aristarchus Plateau shows three sharprimmed linear depressions that occur in the higher unit and terminate at the edge of the plateau. Their floors are filled with mare material that is similar to the surrounding materials of Oceanus Procellarum (lower right corner). The chain of craters in the mare of Oceanus Procellarum is believed to be secondaries from the crater Aristarchus (outside of the view). As described by Alfred M. Worden, the Apollo 15 CMP, the mare materials in this region display a brownish tint, as compared to the metal gray materials of Mare Imbrium farther east.-F.E. B.

جميع المعلومات والصور من المشاركة رقم 20 المشاركة إلى المشاركة رقم 38منسوخة من هذه الصفحة من موقع وكالة ناسا ومن الروابط الموجودة بنفس الصفحة

http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap021029.html

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[For a high resolution picture- click here]
AS17-2313 (P)FIGURE 220 [left].-Some of the freshest and youngest fractures yet found are in the Littrow area. The sharpest gash in this view runs along the right side of one of the much older Littrow rilles. The surface material in this area appears to be soft; blocks are very rare and most craters appear subdued. Therefore, it seems likely that the fresh fractures here, which are smaller than those in the preceding figures, will not survive long before they are obliterated by mass wasting.-K.A.H.











[209]





[For a high resolution picture- click here]

AS17-2313 (P)
FIGURE 221 [above].-This detailed view of a mare surface near the eastern edge of Mare Serenitatis, just west of the Apollo 17 landing site, shows the numerous small grooves. They are unusual features that have not been observed in such large numbers elsewhere. They are here developed in a thick accumulation of regolith overlying an ancient mare basalt. At first glance, resembling chains of secondary impact craters, they are more logically interpreted as structural features. A likely explanation is that they are the result of drainage of unconsolidated regolith into openings caused by fissuring in the consolidated bedrock. At some localities, drainage did not occur at a uniform rate along the fissure but was concentrated at certain points, resulting in a series of unequally spaced, pitlike depressions (arrows) along the groove.-B.K.L.

جميع المعلومات والصور من المشاركة رقم 20 المشاركة إلى المشاركة رقم 38منسوخة من هذه الصفحة من موقع وكالة ناسا ومن الروابط الموجودة بنفس الصفحة

http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap021029.html

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AS10-31-4645(H)

Figure 217
Click here for larger NASA image
Click here for chart showing location


Rima Ariadaeus is a fine example of a straight rille. Ariadaeus Rille is over 300 km in length; a portion of the central section of the rille about 120 km in length is pictured here. A linear section of the crust is dropped down along parallel faults or breaks in the crust to form a graben or fault trough. The ridges crossing the trough and the surrounding plains units have been offset by the trough, proving that they are older than the faults. Some craters are cut off by the faults and are, therefore, older. Other craters lie on the wall of the trough and are younger than the faulting. The faulting must be relatively young because so few craters appear to be younger than the faults, and because the edges of the trough appear to be crisp and little affected by slumping and other mass wasting.
There is a gradation between straight rilles, gently curving rilles, and sinuous rilles modified by volcanic flows. This example shows no trace of associated volcanism; it is, therefore, considered to be the end member of the sequence, where only pure faulting is involved.-H.M.



Report Source: NASA SP-362, Page 207, Figure 217
This web page was created by Francis Ridge for The Lunascan Project
Section Directory 34

جميع المعلومات والصور من المشاركة رقم 20 المشاركة إلى المشاركة رقم 38منسوخة من هذه الصفحة من موقع وكالة ناسا ومن الروابط الموجودة بنفس الصفحة

http://antwrp.gsfc.nasa.gov/apod/ap021029.html

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Around Ariadaeus, RIMA



Date & Time: Mar 31 2001, 19:19 JST(+0900), 1/4sec. Exp.Optical: TAKAHASHI 12.5cm(4.9") fluorite refractor, afocal method with LV12mm eyepieceSynthesized focal length f=1585mm (equivalent f=8713mm in 35mm film format)Auto-guided with GOTO MX-II EquatorialDigital Camera: OLYMPUS C-2020ZLocation: Ooizumi vil., Yamanashi pref.
Camera Settings: Mode.....SHQ (1600 x 1200, high-quality JPEG format)Lens.....f=19.1mm (equivalent f=105mm in 35mm film format), Stop: F2.8CCD sensitivity.....ISO100, White Balance.....Auto



This picture shows you a state around the western region of the Tranquillitatis, MARE (Sea of Tranquility). You can detect a large-scaled straight rift valley of Ariadaeus, RIMA in mountainous region. The valley has a width of 5km, and length of about 200km. There are several large and easy-to-appreciating lunar valleys around this region.



Gazetteer



INDEXNAMECrater's Diameter1Julius Caesar90km2Plinius43km3Menelaus27km4Manilius39km5A rago26km6Agrippa46km7Godin35km8Ritter31km9Sabine30 km10Delambre52km11Maskelyne24kmAAriadaeus, RIMA-BTranquillitatis, MARE-CSerenitatis, MARE-DLand. point of APOLLO 11 (Jul 20 '69) USAELand. point of SURVEYOR 5 (Sep 11 '67) USAFLand. point of RANGER 8 (Feb 20 '65) USA

جميع المعلومات والصور من المشاركة رقم 20 المشاركة إلى المشاركة رقم 38منسوخة من هذه الصفحة من موقع وكالة ناسا ومن الروابط الموجودة بنفس الصفحة

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Hadley Rille (from Orbit)



This photo shows the Hadley Rille on the southeast edge of Mare Imbrium. It is fairly well known because Apollo 15 landed there (see next image). The rille begins at the curved gash in the bottom left corner, and is clearest in the rectangular, mare-floored valley shown here. In the upper left, it gets much shallower and it slowly fades out of sight in Palus Putredinis. In all, the rille is over 75 miles (120 km) long. It is up to 5000 feet (1500 m) across and is over 950 feet (300 m) deep in places. It formed nearly 3.3 billion years ago . In contrast, lava channels on Hawaii are usually under 6 miles (10 km) long and are only 150 - 300 feet (50-100 m) wide. This contrast in channel size probably reflects (1) differences in the volume of erupted lava and (2) the difference in gravity. Note -- The bright bumps surrounding Hadley are peaks of the Montes Apenninus. These mountains mark the edge of the impact basin holding Mare Imbrium. They rise from 6000 to 15,000 feet (1800 - 4500 m) above the mare. (Apollo 15 image M-1135, arrow marks landing site of Apollo 15. Image taken from NASA SP-469, Geology of the Terrestrial Planets)

جميع المعلومات والصور من المشاركة رقم 20 المشاركة إلى المشاركة رقم 38منسوخة من هذه الصفحة من موقع وكالة ناسا ومن الروابط الموجودة بنفس الصفحة

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· Find Similar Abstracts (with default settings below)· Full Printable Article (PDF/Post******) · Table of Contents · Also-Read Articles (Reads History) · · Translate Abstract Title:
Lunar linear rilles, models of dike emplacement and associated magnetization featuresAuthors:
Head, J. W.; Wilson, L.; Anderson, K. A.; Lin, R. P.Affiliation:
AA(Brown Univ.), AB(Brown Univ., Providence, RI), AC(Lancaster, Univ.), AD(California, Univ., Berkeley)Publication:
Conference Paper, 28th Annual Lunar and Planetary Science Conference, p. 541.Publication Date:
03/1997Category:
Lunar and Planetary ExplorationOrigin:
STINASA/STI Keywords:
LUNAR SURFACE, TECTONICS, LITHOSPHERE, MAGNETIZATION, VOLCANOES, MAGNETIC ANOMALIESBibliographic Code:
1997LPI....28..541H
Abstract

Lunar linear and arcuate rilles form from tectonic deformation associated with near-surface stress fields which have been attributed a variety of origins, including lithospheric flexure in response to mare basalt loads, and to the emplacement of dikes to near-surface environments. We have been assessing the nature of dike intrusion as a source of near-surface stress fields sufficient to produce linear rilles and conversely, developing criteria to distinguish rilles plausibly caused by near surface dike intrusion from those formed by other mechanisms. We have developed model predictions, photogeologic criteria, and have most recently been investigating the possibility of using measurements of magnetic fields by the electron reflection method to aid in the identification of candidate linear rilles formed by dike intrusions. We report on progress in the further assessment of data from these sources and on the identification of areas in which magnetization features appear to be associated with linear rilles.
Bibtex entry for this abstract Preferred format for this abstract (see Preferences)

جميع المعلومات والصور من المشاركة رقم 20 المشاركة إلى المشاركة رقم 38منسوخة من هذه الصفحة من موقع وكالة ناسا ومن الروابط الموجودة بنفس الصفحة

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NASA Center: Johnson Space CenterImage # : AS10-31-4646Date : 05/01/1969

Title

A Rille Runs Through It
Full De******ion

This oblique view of the Moon's surface was photographed by the Apollo 10 astronauts in May of 1969. Center point coordinates are located at 13 degrees, 3 minutes east longitude and 7 degrees, 1 minute north latitude. One of the Apollo 10 astronauts attached a 250mm lens and aimed a handheld 70mm camera at the surface from lunar orbit for a series of pictures in this area.
Keywords

Apollo 10 Moon Rille
Subject Category

Earths Moon, Apollo 10,
Reference Numbers

• Center: JSC
• Center Number: AS10-31-4646
• GRIN DataBase Number: GPN-2000-001486

Source Information

• Creator/Photographer: NASA Apollo
• Original Source: DIGITAL

Image Information ( Copyright Notification )

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(Pixels)Height
(Pixels)Size
(KBytes)Thumbnail.jpg909013Small.jpg640643350Medium.jpg150015061,847Large.jpg300030126,601

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جميع المعلومات والصور فى هذه المشاركة وما يسبقها من مشاركات من المشاركة رقم 20 المشاركة إلى المشاركة رقم 38منسوخة من هذه الصفحة من موقع وكالة ناسا ومن الروابط الموجودة بنفس الصفحة

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وعلى من يعتمد علينا فى النسخ الإشارة إلى المصدر الأصلى ووضع روابط الموقع الأصلى للصور والمعلومات

للرفــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــــ ـــــــع

أخي الكريم....سيف الكلمة


كانت لي مداخلة طويلة مع النصراني في منتدى التعريف بالإسلام.....تناولت فيها قضية الانشقاق وقصة يبدكوك.....هل تذكرها؟؟؟؟


أظن أن مكانها مناسب هنا

حاولت بالأمس دخول المنتدى للإتيان بها ويبدو أن لديهم مشكلة فهم يتركون رسالة بالتطوير

استاذنا الفاضل سيف الكلمة
وما رأيكم فيما ذهبت اليه الكثير من المنتديات الاسلامية الشهيرة بأن هذه
الصور مفبركة باستخدام الفوتوشوب وبثها اعداء الاسلام والمتربصين به
للاستهزاء بديننا العظيم والسخرية من المسلمين- بل ذهب البعض الى ان
وكالة ناسا قد نفت علمها بمثل هذه الصور
هل من تعليق على ذلك؟

أستاذنا الفاضل البقيع

هذا الكلام يثير الشفقة فلا يصدر إلا عن متخلف من متخلفى الملحدين أو النصارى أو من مسلم لم يكلف نفسه أن يتم البحث وصدق افتراءات النصارى والملحدين ولم يدقق أقوالهم
فمن يحترم عقله يدخل موقع ناسا ويراجع ما أتى به المسلمين
يفترض جهل القارىء بالتعامل مع الإنترنت
وأننا أتينا بصور مفبركة من عند بتوع البطاطا
ولا يكلف نفسه الضغط على الرابط والقراءة

وضعت سلفا مع كل صورة رابط الصفحة فى موقع وكالة ناسا
ما عليه سوى أن يضغط على الرابط ليدخل موقع الوكالة ويطلع على البحوث المدعمة بالصور فيها
بل ويتصفح فى الدراسات المصورة التى قدمها علماء الوكالة ليس عن القمر وأبراجه فقط بل عن الكثير من الكواكب والنجوم وشمسنا والمجرات

أما كون الصور مفبركة.........فلا


لأنها مأخوذة من موقع وكالة ناسا كما ذكر الأستاذ سيف حفظه الله.....


لكن سيبقى السؤال : ما دلالة تلك الصور على وقوع الانشقاق؟؟؟؟؟


لا أذكر أنني وقفت (صراحة) ذكر وكالة ناسا على (احتمالية) دلالة تلك الشقوق على حدوث الانشقاق


اللهم إلا خبر من مصدر موثوق (يبدكوك كما رالسلني بذلك بنفسه ) أنه استمع مجرّد استماع إلى ثلاثة علماء ذكروا هذه الفرضية في لقاء علمي عام 1975


وقد حاول الحصول على أرشيف ذلك اللقاء وواجه طريقا مسدودا....



الأهم عندنا : أن عدم دلالة تلك الشقوق على حادثة الانشقاق ليس نفيا لها.....إذ لا تلازم بين حصول الانشقاق وبقاء آثاره.....لأن الله على كل شيء قدير

آثار الآية على القمر نفسه
ووجدت مؤشرات تشير إلى حدوثها
ولكن المعلومات المتاحة غير كاملة
فالقمر ليس فى متناول أيدينا
ولم تستكمل الدراسات الخاصة به